Nka mavuta meza aribwa akoreshwa cyane kwisi yose, guhitamo ibikoresho byo gupakira amavuta ya elayo bigira ingaruka muburyo bwiza no guhatanira isoko kubicuruzwa. Nkumutwara wingenzi mububiko no gutwara, uburyo bwo guhuza amacupa yamavuta ya elayo bigira ingaruka kumikorere, umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije icupa. Iyi ngingo izasesengura byimbitse uburyo bukuru bwoguhindura amacupa yamavuta ya elayo nibikorwa byinganda.
Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho nyamukuru byogukora amacupa yamavuta ya elayo harimo - ubucucike bwa polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nikirahure. Synthesis inzira yibikoresho bitandukanye ifite ibiyiranga kandi birakwiriye kubikenewe ku isoko.
Amacupa maremare - yuzuye polyethylene (HDPE) ni kimwe mu bikoresho bipakira amavuta ya elayo ku isoko. Synthesis y'amacupa ya HDPE irangizwa cyane cyane na reaction ya polymerisiyonike, aho monomers ya Ethylene ihindurwamo polymerike muburemere buke bwa polyethylene ikorwa na catalizator. Ubu buryo bufite ibiranga igiciro gito, kurwanya ingaruka zikomeye hamwe n’imiti ihamye, kandi birakwiriye umusaruro munini -. Amacupa ya HDPE mubisanzwe akoresha uburyo bwo kubumba, aho HDPE yashongeshejwe yinjizwa mubibumbano hanyuma ikajugunywa mumacupa numwuka mwinshi -. Ubu buryo bukora neza, bukwiranye n’umusaruro usanzwe, kandi bukoreshwa cyane hagati - no hasi - kurangiza amasoko ya peteroli ya elayo.
Amacupa ya polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yahindutse buhoro buhoro guhitamo kwa mbere - amaherezo yamavuta ya elayo apakira kubera gukorera mu mucyo mwinshi hamwe ninzitizi nziza. Synthesis yamacupa ya PET ni binyuze muri transesterifike cyangwa reaction ya esterification itaziguye, aho PTA (acide terephthalic) na EG (Ethylene glycol) iba polymerized kugirango ibe PET resin. Amacupa ya PET mubusanzwe akorwa no guterwa inshinge, kubanza guterwa inshinge, hanyuma kurambura ibumba kugirango bibe umubiri wanyuma. Ubu buryo butanga amacupa ya PET mucyo no gukanika imbaraga, bikwiranye nisoko ryo hejuru -.
Amacupa yikirahure, nkibikoresho bisanzwe bipakira, biracyafite umugabane runaka ku isoko. Synthesis yamacupa yikirahure ahanini inyuze hejuru - gushonga ubushyuhe bwibikoresho fatizo nkumusenyi wa silika, ivu rya soda na hekeste, bigashonga mumatara hanyuma bigakorwa. Nubwo amacupa yikirahure yangiza ibidukikije kandi arashobora gukoreshwa, araremereye, yoroshye, kandi afite amafaranga menshi yo gutwara, bityo rero akoreshwa cyane cyane - iherezo cyangwa impano ya elayo.
Hamwe nogutezimbere ibisabwa byo kurengera ibidukikije, bio - bishingiye kuri plastiki nibikoresho byangirika nabyo bikoreshwa buhoro buhoro muguhuza amacupa yamavuta ya elayo. Mu bihe biri imbere, uburyo bwo guhuza amacupa y’amavuta ya elayo bizita cyane ku buryo burambye n’imikorere kugira ngo bikemure ibintu bitandukanye ku isoko ry’isi.
